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Question Number 86886 by Rio Michael last updated on 01/Apr/20

Commented by Rio Michael last updated on 01/Apr/20

A smooth sphere S of mass λm , moving with speed λu  collides with   a smooth sphere T of  equal radius but mass m moving with speed u.  At impact, the direction of motion of each sphere  makes an angle θ  with the line of centre as shown above.   Given that the coefficient of restitutions betweethe spheres is(1/2) , and after  impact, the directionof S cames an angle of 2θ with the line of centres, show that  (i) the speed of S along the along the line of centre is (1/2)u(2λ−3)cos θ  (ii) 1 + tan^2 θ = (3/λ)  (iii) 0< λ<3

$$\mathrm{A}\:\mathrm{smooth}\:\mathrm{sphere}\:\mathrm{S}\:\mathrm{of}\:\mathrm{mass}\:\lambda{m}\:,\:\mathrm{moving}\:\mathrm{with}\:\mathrm{speed}\:\lambda{u}\:\:\mathrm{collides}\:\mathrm{with} \\ $$$$\:\mathrm{a}\:\mathrm{smooth}\:\mathrm{sphere}\:\mathrm{T}\:\mathrm{of}\:\:\mathrm{equal}\:\mathrm{radius}\:\mathrm{but}\:\mathrm{mass}\:{m}\:\mathrm{moving}\:\mathrm{with}\:\mathrm{speed}\:{u}. \\ $$$$\mathrm{At}\:\mathrm{impact},\:\mathrm{the}\:\mathrm{direction}\:\mathrm{of}\:\mathrm{motion}\:\mathrm{of}\:\mathrm{each}\:\mathrm{sphere}\:\:\mathrm{makes}\:\mathrm{an}\:\mathrm{angle}\:\theta \\ $$$$\mathrm{with}\:\mathrm{the}\:\mathrm{line}\:\mathrm{of}\:\mathrm{centre}\:\mathrm{as}\:\mathrm{shown}\:\mathrm{above}. \\ $$$$\:\mathrm{Given}\:\mathrm{that}\:\mathrm{the}\:\mathrm{coefficient}\:\mathrm{of}\:\mathrm{restitutions}\:\mathrm{betweethe}\:\mathrm{spheres}\:\mathrm{is}\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}\:,\:\mathrm{and}\:\mathrm{after} \\ $$$$\mathrm{impact},\:\mathrm{the}\:\mathrm{directionof}\:\mathrm{S}\:\mathrm{cames}\:\mathrm{an}\:\mathrm{angle}\:\mathrm{of}\:\mathrm{2}\theta\:\mathrm{with}\:\mathrm{the}\:\mathrm{line}\:\mathrm{of}\:\mathrm{centres},\:\mathrm{show}\:\mathrm{that} \\ $$$$\left(\mathrm{i}\right)\:\mathrm{the}\:\mathrm{speed}\:\mathrm{of}\:\mathrm{S}\:\mathrm{along}\:\mathrm{the}\:\mathrm{along}\:\mathrm{the}\:\mathrm{line}\:\mathrm{of}\:\mathrm{centre}\:\mathrm{is}\:\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}{u}\left(\mathrm{2}\lambda−\mathrm{3}\right)\mathrm{cos}\:\theta \\ $$$$\left(\mathrm{ii}\right)\:\mathrm{1}\:+\:\mathrm{tan}^{\mathrm{2}} \theta\:=\:\frac{\mathrm{3}}{\lambda} \\ $$$$\left(\mathrm{iii}\right)\:\mathrm{0}<\:\lambda<\mathrm{3} \\ $$

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