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In-the-CO-2-molecule-each-oxygen-atom-forms-a-double-bond-with-central-carbon-atom-Given-that-the-Bohr-radius-a-o-is-approximately-0-529-A-o-and-the-experimental-C-O-bond-length-is-about-1




Question Number 220454 by PaulDirac last updated on 12/May/25
 In the CO_2  molecule, each oxygen atom forms a double bond with central carbon atom.   Given that the Bohr radius (a_o ) is approximately 0.529 A^o  and the experimental C=O     bond length is about 1.16 A^(o ) , calculate :      a) The approximate region (in the terms of Bohr radii) where the shared electrons are   most likely to be found between C and O.   b) Compare the calculated bond region to the sum of the covalent radii of carbon and   oxygen, and comment on the effect of π bonding on the contraction of bond length.
$$\:\mathrm{In}\:\mathrm{the}\:{CO}_{\mathrm{2}} \:\mathrm{molecule},\:\mathrm{each}\:\mathrm{oxygen}\:\mathrm{atom}\:\mathrm{forms}\:\mathrm{a}\:\mathrm{double}\:\mathrm{bond}\:\mathrm{with}\:\mathrm{central}\:\mathrm{carbon}\:\mathrm{atom}. \\ $$$$\:\mathrm{Given}\:\mathrm{that}\:\mathrm{the}\:\mathrm{Bohr}\:\mathrm{radius}\:\left({a}_{{o}} \right)\:\mathrm{is}\:\mathrm{approximately}\:\mathrm{0}.\mathrm{529}\:\overset{\mathrm{o}} {\mathrm{A}}\:\mathrm{and}\:\mathrm{the}\:\mathrm{experimental}\:{C}={O}\: \\ $$$$\:\:\mathrm{bond}\:\mathrm{length}\:\mathrm{is}\:\mathrm{about}\:\mathrm{1}.\mathrm{16}\:\overset{\mathrm{o}\:} {\mathrm{A}},\:\mathrm{calculate}\:: \\ $$$$\: \\ $$$$\left.\:\mathrm{a}\right)\:\mathrm{The}\:\mathrm{approximate}\:\mathrm{region}\:\left(\mathrm{in}\:\mathrm{the}\:\mathrm{terms}\:\mathrm{of}\:\mathrm{Bohr}\:\mathrm{radii}\right)\:\mathrm{where}\:\mathrm{the}\:\mathrm{shared}\:\mathrm{electrons}\:\mathrm{are} \\ $$$$\:\mathrm{most}\:\mathrm{likely}\:\mathrm{to}\:\mathrm{be}\:\mathrm{found}\:\mathrm{between}\:{C}\:\mathrm{and}\:{O}. \\ $$$$\left.\:\mathrm{b}\right)\:\mathrm{Compare}\:\mathrm{the}\:\mathrm{calculated}\:\mathrm{bond}\:\mathrm{region}\:\mathrm{to}\:\mathrm{the}\:\mathrm{sum}\:\mathrm{of}\:\mathrm{the}\:\mathrm{covalent}\:\mathrm{radii}\:\mathrm{of}\:\mathrm{carbon}\:\mathrm{and} \\ $$$$\:\mathrm{oxygen},\:\mathrm{and}\:\mathrm{comment}\:\mathrm{on}\:\mathrm{the}\:\mathrm{effect}\:\mathrm{of}\:\pi\:\mathrm{bonding}\:\mathrm{on}\:\mathrm{the}\:\mathrm{contraction}\:\mathrm{of}\:\mathrm{bond}\:\mathrm{length}. \\ $$

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